averageperson.euOne statistical standard, 27 countries

Side by side

Poland and Germany

The same question asked of every column. Numbers that break down by age or sex follow the controls; the rest stay country-wide and say so.

Swap sides

Poland

Germany

The widest gap is Housing costs over 40% of income: Germany 11.2% against Poland 4.1%, 7.1 points apart.

Ageall ages
Sex

One question per row

The faint tick on each bar is the EU27 figure.

Figure
Poland
Germany

People

Median age2.1 years
43.4 years
45.5 years
Life expectancy at birth2.7 years
78.5 years
81.2 years
People2.29×
36.5m
83.6m
People per square kilometre99.2%
119 per km²
237 per km²
Women in the population1.0 points
51.7%
50.7%
Born abroad17.9 points
2.6%
20.5%
Born outside the EU11.1 points
1.9%
13.0%

Money and work

Disposable income per person2.01×
€14,394
€28,891
Average net income2.14×
€15,588
€33,324
Take-home pay, average-wage worker91.4%
€19,086
€36,535
Gross pay, average-wage worker2.18×
€26,628
€58,008
Minimum wage2.09×
€1,119
€2,343
In work, age 20 to 642.3 points
78.8%
81.1%
Out of work0.7 points
3.1%
3.8%
Hours worked a week5.1 hours
40.1 hours
35.0 hours
At risk of poverty2.9 points
13.2%
16.1%
Housing costs over 40% of income7.1 points
4.1%
11.2%
GDP per person2.20×
€24,680
€54,240

Family and home

People at home40.0%
2.8
2.0
Households with children8.4 points
31.8%
23.4%
Children per woman19.3%
1.14
1.36
Own their home40.0 points
87.2%
47.2%

Health and daily life

Hospital beds20.9%
628 per 100,000 people
759 per 100,000 people
Doctors23.4%
386 per 100,000 people
476 per 100,000 people
Nurses2.17×
570 per 100,000 people
1,237 per 100,000 people

Education

With a degree4.6 points
40.0%
35.4%
Students per 1,000 people2.6%
38.2 per 1,000 people
39.2 per 1,000 people

Public spending

Public spending on them2.24×
€11,457
€25,639
Tax raised per person2.43×
€8,704
€21,194
Government debt3.8 points
59.7%
63.5%

Country and infrastructure

Land area14.6%
311,928 km²
357,569 km²
Railway density71.9%
63.9 per 1,000 km²
109.8 per 1,000 km²
Motorway density6.08×
6.2 per 1,000 km²
37.4 per 1,000 km²
Cars per 1,000 people7.8%
639 per 1,000 people
593 per 1,000 people
Households with internet2.6 points
96.2%
93.6%
Tourist nights per resident97.4%
2.67
5.27

Environment

Renewable energy5.2 points
18.7%
23.9%
Land under forest1.6 points
30.9%
32.5%

Where €100 of public spending goes

Every euro each general government spends, sorted into the ten functions all 27 countries report against. Open a row for the ranking of 27 and what sits inside it.

Poland

Germany

Function
Poland
Germany
10.5%
13.0%
6.0%
2.7%
4.8%
3.3%
12.4%
11.0%
1.4%
1.2%
1.2%
1.0%
12.4%
15.4%
2.9%
2.2%
11.3%
9.1%
37.0%
41.3%

Reference year 2024. Total public spending €100.00 in every column, so the ten shares always add up to one hundred.

Frequently asked: Poland and Germany

  1. Where were more residents born abroad: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 17.9 points: Germany 20.5%, Poland 2.6%. Share of residents born in another country. Eurostat records country of birth, not ethnicity. migr_pop3ctb · 2025. See the figure

  2. Which spends more on health per resident: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 2.77×: Germany €3,945, Poland €1,423. Hospitals, doctors, medicines and medical equipment, and public health programmes. gov_10a_exp · 2024. See the figure

  3. Where do housing costs eat more of the income: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 7.1 points: Germany 11.2%, Poland 4.1%. Share whose housing costs exceed 40% of their disposable income. ilc_lvho07a · 2025. See the figure

  4. Where is more tax raised per resident: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 2.43×: Germany €21,194, Poland €8,704. Taxes and net social contributions received by general government, per resident. gov_10a_taxag · 2024. See the figure

  5. Where do more people live: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 2.29×: Germany 83.6m, Poland 36.5m. People usually resident in the country on 1 January. demo_pjan · 2025. See the figure

  6. Where is there more railway per 1,000 km²: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 71.9%: Germany 109.8, Poland 63.9. Railway line in use for every 1,000 square kilometres of the country. rail_if_line_tr · 2024. See the figure

  7. Where do more people own their home: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 40.0 points: Poland 87.2%, Germany 47.2%. Share of people living in a home owned by their household, mortgaged or outright. ilc_lvho02 · 2025. See the figure

  8. Where does more energy come from renewables: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 5.2 points: Germany 23.9%, Poland 18.7%. Share of final energy use that comes from renewable sources. nrg_ind_ren · 2025. See the figure

  9. Where are there more hospital beds per 100,000 people: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 20.9%: Germany 759, Poland 628. Beds available in hospitals, per 100,000 residents. hlth_rs_bds1 · 2024. See the figure

  10. Where do more adults hold a degree: Poland or Germany?

    The gap is 4.6 points: Poland 40.0%, Germany 35.4%. Share of adults whose highest completed education is a university or other tertiary degree. edat_lfse_03 · 2025. See the figure

Medians where possible, per-capita averages for spending. This person is a composite of published statistics, not the most common person in the country.